Over the last 180 years, Camden's economy shifted focus from silver mining to dairying and later coal mining. By the 1940s, Camden Park Estate became New South Wales's largest dairy operation through vertical integration, introducing share farming and innovative technologies that increased productivity. Elizabeth Macarthur Onslow played a pivotal role in reorganizing the estate, enhancing quality and efficiency. The dairy industry in Camden evolved significantly, utilizing practices and innovations from Europe and leading to larger herds and modern dairy farming techniques by the late 20th century.